NAICS 111998 Quarterly Industry Report
All Other Miscellaneous Crop Farming
Comprehensive industry research for valuation professionals, business owners, buyers, and lenders
NAICS Code: 111998Sector: Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting (11)Updated: Q1 2026
About This Report
This Fair Market Value industry profile for NAICS 111998 provides business owners, buyers, and valuation professionals with sector-specific benchmarks and market context for specialty and miscellaneous crop farming operations. Additional data is drawn from Bureau of Labor Statistics[5].. Content is compiled from USDA NASS[3] census data, USDA ERS[4] specialty crop research, and SBA[6] regulatory filings to support informed valuation and transaction analysis.
Industry Definition & Overview
All Other Miscellaneous Crop Farming (NAICS 111998) encompasses establishments primarily engaged in growing crops not classified in other specific NAICS codes, including hemp, hops, spices, herbs, tea, maple sap, grass seed, and various specialty and combination crop operations [1]. This diverse catch-all classification covers a wide range of niche agricultural enterprises that collectively serve specialty food, beverage, industrial, and horticultural markets. The sector includes high-value crops such as hops for craft brewing, industrial and CBD hemp, spice crops including mint and vanilla, grass and turf seed production, and maple syrup operations concentrated in New England and the upper Midwest[3]. Industry category also covers general combination crop farms where no single crop family accounts for half of production value [2].
Operations in this classification vary enormously in scale, capital requirements, and market orientation. Some specialty crop farms generate premium per-acre returns through direct-to-consumer or specialty wholesale channels, while combination crop operations may resemble conventional diversified farms growing a balanced mix of commodities. The emergence of legal hemp cultivation following the 2018 Farm Bill created a wave of new entrants in this classification, though market oversupply and regulatory complexity have since caused consolidation. Per USDA ERS[4] specialty crop research, consumer demand for locally sourced herbs, artisanal ingredients, and craft beverage inputs continues to drive opportunities for small-scale producers willing to invest in differentiated production and marketing approaches. Key challenges include the lack of established marketing infrastructure for many specialty crops, limited crop insurance options compared to commodity crops, and the need for specialized agronomic knowledge across diverse crop types.
What's Included in This Industry
- Hemp farming (industrial fiber, grain, and CBD)
- Hop farming for brewing and beverage industries
- Spice and herb crop farming (mint, basil, cilantro)
- Maple sap collection and syrup production
- Grass seed and turf seed farming operations
- General combination crop farming enterprises
- Tea cultivation and related crop operations
- Agave, ginseng, and other specialty crop farming
NAICS Classification Hierarchy
| Level | Description | Code |
|---|---|---|
| Sector | Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting | 11 |
| Subsector | Crop Production | 111 |
| Industry Group | Other Crop Farming | 1119 |
| NAICS Industry | All Other Crop Farming | 11199 |
| National Industry | All Other Miscellaneous Crop Farming | 111998 |
Related NAICS Codes
| Code | Description | Relationship |
|---|---|---|
| 111930 | Sugarcane Farming | Sugarcane farming operations that represent a specific commodity crop category distinct from the miscellaneous crops covered by this broader classification |
| 111910 | Tobacco Farming | Tobacco farming operations that were formerly the primary crop for some farms now growing alternative specialty crops under this miscellaneous classification |
| 111339 | Other Noncitrus Fruit Farming | Other noncitrus fruit farming operations that grow specialty fruits which may be combined with other crops in diversified farming enterprises |
| 111422 | Floriculture Production | Floriculture production establishments growing herbs and specialty botanicals that overlap with culinary herb and spice crops in this classification |
| 113210 | Forest Nurseries and Gathering of Forest Products | Forest nurseries and gathering of forest products including wild-harvested botanical products that complement cultivated specialty crop operations |
| 115116 | Farm Management Services | Farm management services providing specialized agronomic consulting for niche specialty crop operations requiring expert production knowledge |
SBA Lending Summary
144
Total SBA Loans
$13.5M
Total Loan Volume
$94K
Average Loan Size
8 yrs
Average Loan Term
11.61%
Average Interest Rate
664
Jobs Supported
Source: SBA 7(a) Program Data, U.S. Small Business Administration — FY 2025[2]
Key Insight: The SBA[6] classifies All Other Miscellaneous Crop Farming under NAICS 111998 with an annual receipts size standard of $1.0 million [3]. This is among the lowest receipts thresholds in the agricultural sector, reflecting the small-scale nature of many specialty crop operations in this diverse classification. Farms at or below this level qualify for federal small business procurement preferences, SBA lending programs, and agricultural support initiatives. Eligible businesses can access SBA 7(a) loans[7] for working capital, equipment, and acquisition financing, while 504 loans[8] support major fixed-asset purchases including real estate and heavy machinery.
Top SBA Lenders
| # | Lender | Loans | Volume | Avg Loan |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Newtek Bank, National Association | 8 | $4.0M | $500K |
| 2 | Northeast Bank | 8 | $2.8M | $350K |
| 3 | Grasshopper Bank National Association | 8 | $2.0M | $250K |
| 4 | BayFirst National Bank | 8 | $1.2M | $150K |
| 5 | Shoreham Bank | 8 | $800K | $100K |
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this industry.
What crops are classified under NAICS 111998?
NAICS 111998 covers a diverse range of crops not classified elsewhere, including hemp (industrial fiber, grain, and CBD), hops, spices and herbs (mint, basil, cilantro), maple sap, grass and turf seed, tea, agave, ginseng, and general combination crop operations where no single crop dominates [1]. The U.S. Census Bureau[9] uses this as a residual classification for agricultural establishments not fitting other specific crop farming codes.
What is the SBA size standard for miscellaneous crop farming?
The SBA sets the small business size standard for NAICS 111998 at $1.0 million in average annual receipts [3], among the lowest thresholds in agricultural NAICS codes. This reflects the typically small scale of specialty and niche crop operations. Per SBA regulations[10], this threshold determines eligibility for federal small business programs.
How has hemp farming evolved since the 2018 Farm Bill?
The 2018 Farm Bill legalized industrial hemp cultivation, triggering rapid acreage expansion as growers sought to capitalize on CBD and fiber markets. Initial enthusiasm produced market oversupply and price declines for CBD hemp, leading to acreage reductions and industry consolidation in subsequent years. Per USDA NASS[3] hemp survey data, the sector has matured toward more sustainable production levels, with surviving operations focused on contracted production, fiber and grain markets, and value-added processing rather than speculative CBD cultivation.
What drives valuation of specialty crop farming operations?
Specialty crop farm valuations depend on the specific crop type, established buyer or processor relationships, brand recognition in direct-to-consumer channels, specialized equipment and infrastructure, agronomic expertise and production track record, and geographic suitability for the target crop. Per USDA ERS[4] specialty crop economic research, operations with established market channels and differentiated products typically command higher valuations than newer or commodity-oriented specialty crop farms.
How large is the U.S. hop farming industry?
The U.S. hop industry is concentrated in the Pacific Northwest, with Washington, Oregon, and Idaho producing the vast majority of domestic output. The craft brewing revolution dramatically expanded hop demand and variety diversity over the past two decades. Per USDA NASS[3] hop production reports, total U.S. hop acreage has expanded substantially since 2010, with growers cultivating dozens of aroma and bittering varieties to meet brewer specifications.
What is the U.S. maple syrup industry?
U.S. maple syrup production is concentrated in Vermont, New York, Maine, Wisconsin, and other northeastern and upper Midwest states, with total production valued in the hundreds of millions of dollars annually. Operations range from small backyard tappers to large commercial sugaring operations managing thousands of taps with vacuum tubing systems and reverse osmosis concentration equipment. The USDA Agricultural Marketing Service[11] maintains grading standards for maple syrup and tracks market pricing for different color and flavor grades.
What are the main challenges for miscellaneous crop farmers?
Specialty crop growers face unique challenges including limited crop insurance availability compared to major commodity crops, lack of established marketing infrastructure and price discovery mechanisms, need for specialized agronomic knowledge that may not be available through standard extension services, and higher market volatility due to smaller production volumes and fewer buyers. Many specialty crops also require manual harvest labor, creating cost and availability challenges that limit scalability.
How do combination crop farms differ from other operations?
Combination crop farms grow a diversified mix of crops where no single crop family accounts for half or more of total production value. These operations may grow combinations of grains, vegetables, fruits, and specialty crops, distributing risk across multiple commodity markets and harvest seasons. The U.S. Census Bureau[9] classifies these diversified operations under NAICS 111998 when their crop mix does not fit more specific classification criteria, distinguishing them from single-commodity farms classified under other crop farming codes.
Sources & References
Government datasets and editorial sources used in this report.
- [1]U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages bls.gov
- [2]U.S. Small Business Administration, SBA 7(a) Loan Program Data data.sba.gov
- [3]New England and the upper Midwest nass.usda.gov
- [4]USDA ERS ers.usda.gov
- [5]Bureau of Labor Statistics bls.gov
- [6]SBA sba.gov
- [7]SBA 7(a) loans sba.gov
- [8]504 loans sba.gov
- [9]U.S. Census Bureau census.gov
- [10]SBA regulations sba.gov
- [11]USDA Agricultural Marketing Service ams.usda.gov
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