NAICS 111332 Quarterly Industry Report
Grape Vineyards
Comprehensive industry research for valuation professionals, business owners, buyers, and lenders
NAICS Code: 111332Sector: Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting (11)Updated: Q1 2026
About This Report
This Fair Market Value industry profile for Grape Vineyards (NAICS 111332) draws on data from the USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service[4], the U.S. Census Bureau[5], the Bureau of Labor Statistics[6], and the SBA Office of Size Standards[7]. All statistics reflect the most recently published government data at the time of writing. This report serves as a starting reference for business appraisers, M&A advisors, and lenders evaluating vineyard operations under NAICS 111332.
Industry Definition & Overview
Grape Vineyards (NAICS 111332) encompasses establishments primarily engaged in growing grapes and sun-drying grapes into raisins. The U.S. Census Bureau[3] classifies this industry within the fruit and tree nut farming subsector, separating grape growing from wine production, which falls under a distinct manufacturing classification [1]. California dominates the national grape industry, accounting for more than 90 percent of U.S. production across wine, table, and raisin grape categories. The Napa Valley, Sonoma County, Paso Robles, and Central Valley regions each serve different market segments, from ultra-premium wine grapes to commodity juice and raisin production [2]. Washington State's Columbia Valley has emerged as the second-largest wine grape region, while New York's Finger Lakes and Long Island appellations contribute smaller but growing volumes [3].
Approximately 1,750 companies are verified as active under this NAICS classification, though the total number of vineyard operations is higher when including farms captured under broader crop codes [4]. U.S. grape import value exceeded $1.56 billion in recent trade data, reflecting strong domestic demand for table grapes during winter months when California production is dormant [5]. Revenue for wine grape vineyards depends on varietal reputation, appellation prestige, contracted winery relationships, and vintage quality ratings. Table grape pricing follows seasonal fresh produce market dynamics, while raisin grape returns are tied to commodity pricing set by cooperative marketing structures in the San Joaquin Valley [6]. Vineyard establishment requires multi-year capital investment before vines reach full bearing capacity, which fundamentally shapes acquisition valuation and financing structures for buyers [7].
What's Included in This Industry
- Wine grape vineyard operations across all varietals
- Table grape farming for fresh market consumption
- Raisin grape production and sun-drying operations
- Juice grape growing for concentrate and beverage production
- Organic and sustainable vineyard farming programs
- Vineyard establishment and young vine development
- Grapevine nursery stock and rootstock production
- Contract grape growing for winery and processor buyers
- Vineyard management services on owned acreage
- Mechanized and hand-harvested grape production
NAICS Classification Hierarchy
| Level | Description | Code |
|---|---|---|
| Sector | Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting | 11 |
| Subsector | Crop Production | 111 |
| Industry Group | Fruit and Tree Nut Farming | 1113 |
| NAICS Industry | Noncitrus Fruit and Tree Nut Farming | 11133 |
| National Industry | Grape Vineyards | 111332 |
Related NAICS Codes
| Code | Description | Relationship |
|---|---|---|
| 312130 | Wineries | Wineries purchase wine grapes from independent vineyards under seasonal contracts, and many vineyard operations are vertically integrated with on-site winemaking |
| 111331 | Apple Orchards | Apple orchards share perennial fruit crop characteristics with grape vineyards, including trellis infrastructure, seasonal labor peaks, and multi-year establishment cycles |
| 111339 | Other Noncitrus Fruit Farming | Other noncitrus fruit farming covers berry and stone fruit operations that compete for agricultural labor and share cold chain distribution logistics with grape growers |
| 424820 | Wine and Distilled Alcoholic Beverage Merchant Wholesalers | Wine and distilled alcoholic beverage merchant wholesalers distribute finished wine products downstream, and grape pricing reflects wholesale wine market conditions |
| 424480 | Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Merchant Wholesalers | Fresh fruit and vegetable merchant wholesalers handle table grape distribution from California packing operations to retail and food service buyers nationwide |
| 115112 | Soil Preparation, Planting, and Cultivating | Soil preparation services provide vineyard site preparation, deep ripping, soil amendment, and cover crop establishment for new plantings and replanting projects |
SBA Lending Summary
16
Total SBA Loans
$4.1M
Total Loan Volume
$258K
Average Loan Size
10 yrs
Average Loan Term
12.00%
Average Interest Rate
272
Jobs Supported
Source: SBA 7(a) Program Data, U.S. Small Business Administration — FY 2025[2]
Key Insight: The SBA[8] assigns NAICS 111332 a revenue-based size standard of $4.0 million in average annual receipts. Premium wine grape vineyards in Napa Valley and Sonoma County frequently exceed this threshold due to per-ton grape prices that can surpass $5,000 for top Cabernet Sauvignon. Qualifying businesses access Farm Service Agency loans, USDA disaster assistance, and SBA 7(a) financing for vineyard establishment, trellis installation, and irrigation system upgrades [8]. Federal crop insurance through the USDA Risk Management Agency[9] covers grape production under both yield and revenue protection policies, and the Tree Assistance Program applies to perennial vine crops damaged by natural disasters [9]. Specialty crop block grants support vineyard-level research, sustainable farming certification, and export promotion initiatives. Additionally, 504/CDC loans[10] provide long-term, fixed-rate financing for major fixed assets such as real estate and equipment.
Top SBA Lenders
| # | Lender | Loans | Volume | Avg Loan |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Newtek Bank, National Association | 8 | $4.0M | $500K |
| 2 | Wells Fargo Bank National Association | 8 | $120K | $15K |
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this industry.
What types of businesses fall under NAICS 111332?
NAICS 111332 covers establishments primarily engaged in growing grapes and producing raisins through sun-drying. This includes wine grape vineyards, table grape farms, raisin grape operations, juice grape growers, and grapevine nursery stock producers across all major producing regions [1].
What is the SBA size standard for Grape Vineyards?
A grape vineyard qualifies as small under SBA guidelines if its average annual receipts do not exceed $4.0 million, measured over the preceding five completed fiscal years. Premium Napa Valley and Sonoma County vineyards frequently approach or exceed this threshold due to high per-ton wine grape pricing [8].
How is a grape vineyard typically valued for sale?
Vineyard valuations vary dramatically based on appellation, grape variety, and end market. Premium wine grape vineyards in Napa Valley can sell for $300,000 or more per planted acre, while Central Valley raisin vineyards trade at a fraction of that level. Appraisers evaluate vine age, varietal composition, trellis and irrigation infrastructure, water rights, and contracted buyer relationships. Income capitalization uses stabilized net vineyard income based on historical yields and grape pricing per USDA NASS[4] crush report data [7].
What are the major cost drivers for vineyards?
Labor for pruning, canopy management, and hand harvesting represents the largest recurring expense, particularly for premium wine grape operations that demand meticulous fruit handling. Vineyard establishment costs range from $30,000 to over $100,000 per acre in premium appellations before first commercial crop. Water costs are substantial in California where irrigation is mandatory, and drought-year allocations can restrict production. Pest and disease management programs for powdery mildew, vine mealybug, and red blotch virus add annual chemical and monitoring expenses [6].
How does appellation affect vineyard values?
Appellation designation is the single most influential factor in wine grape vineyard pricing because it determines the label value of grapes sold to wineries. Napa Valley Cabernet Sauvignon grapes command prices exceeding $5,000 per ton, while similar varieties from less prestigious regions may sell for under $1,000 per ton. Sub-appellations within major regions create further pricing tiers, and vineyard-designate programs where a winery names the specific vineyard on its label generate additional premiums per industry crush reports published by USDA NASS[4] [2].
What role do table and raisin grapes play in the industry?
Table grapes represent the highest-volume fresh fruit category within the grape industry, with California's Central and Coachella Valleys producing the bulk of domestic supply for year-round retail consumption. Raisin grape production has contracted as growers transition acreage to more profitable wine or table grape varieties, though California's San Joaquin Valley remains the center of domestic raisin production. Both segments operate under commodity pricing structures that differ fundamentally from the prestige-driven wine grape market [5].
Which regions produce the most grapes in the United States?
California accounts for more than 90 percent of U.S. grape production across wine, table, and raisin categories. Within the state, Napa Valley, Sonoma County, and Paso Robles lead premium wine grape output, while the Central Valley dominates table grape, raisin, and commodity wine grape volumes. Washington's Columbia Valley ranks as the second-largest wine grape region nationally. New York, Oregon, and Virginia contribute growing volumes as regional wine industries expand according to USDA NASS[4] crush data [3].
What trends are shaping the grape vineyard industry?
Drought and water allocation restrictions in California are constraining new vineyard development and increasing the premium on properties with senior water rights. Consumer preferences shifting toward lower-alcohol and natural wines are influencing varietal planting decisions. Mechanical harvesting adoption continues to grow for commodity wine grape and raisin production, reducing labor dependence. Climate-driven shifts in growing regions are expanding vineyard acreage in Oregon, Washington, and Virginia as documented by the USDA Economic Research Service[11] [3].
Sources & References
Government datasets and editorial sources used in this report.
- [1]U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages bls.gov
- [2]U.S. Small Business Administration, SBA 7(a) Loan Program Data data.sba.gov
- [3]U.S. Census Bureau census.gov
- [4]USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service nass.usda.gov
- [5]U.S. Census Bureau census.gov
- [6]Bureau of Labor Statistics bls.gov
- [7]SBA Office of Size Standards sba.gov
- [8]SBA sba.gov
- [9]USDA Risk Management Agency rma.usda.gov
- [10]504/CDC loans sba.gov
- [11]USDA Economic Research Service ers.usda.gov
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