NAICS 621991 Quarterly Industry Report
Blood and Organ Banks
Comprehensive industry research for valuation professionals, business owners, buyers, and lenders
NAICS Code: 621991Sector: Health Care and Social Assistance (62)Updated: Q1 2026
About This Report
This industry profile for Blood and Organ Banks (NAICS 621991) draws on data from the U.S. Census Bureau[6], Food and Drug Administration[8], Bureau of Labor Statistics[9], and SBA size standards database[7]. Published by Fair Market Value and updated quarterly, it provides valuation professionals, blood banking analysts, and healthcare supply chain researchers with current market data. All quantitative claims are sourced to publicly verifiable databases.
Industry Snapshot
Key metrics for the blood and organ banks industry.
NAICS Sector
62
Health Care and Social Assistance
Industry Definition & Overview
Blood and Organ Banks (NAICS 621991) encompasses establishments primarily engaged in collecting, storing, and distributing blood and blood products and/or body organs per the U.S. Census Bureau[5]. Blood banks collect whole blood and blood components from volunteer and paid donors, perform infectious disease testing, process blood into components (red blood cells, platelets, plasma, and cryoprecipitate), and distribute products to hospitals and surgical centers. Organ procurement organizations coordinate the recovery, preservation, and allocation of organs and tissues for transplantation.
Industry revenue reached $11.8 billion with 73,093 employees across 194 establishments per Census Bureau[6] economic survey data. The American Red Cross collects roughly 40 percent of the U.S. blood supply through its network of regional blood centers. Vitalant, OneBlood, and New York Blood Center operate as additional major community blood center organizations. The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) manages the national organ transplant waiting list through a federal contract with the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA).
Per the SBA Table of Size Standards[7], the size standard is $40 million in average annual receipts. The FDA[8] regulates blood collection, testing, processing, and distribution under 21 CFR Parts 606, 610, and 640, with mandatory screening for HIV, hepatitis B and C, syphilis, and other transfusion-transmissible infections. FDA 2025 guidance addresses transition to non-DEHP blood storage materials and pathogen reduction technology adoption. AABB (formerly the American Association of Blood Banks) provides voluntary accreditation standards that most blood centers follow. Red blood cells can be stored for 42 days, platelets for 5 days, and frozen plasma for up to 7 years, with storage limitations driving inventory management complexity throughout the blood supply chain.
What's Included in This Industry
- Whole blood and blood component collection from donors
- Blood typing, crossmatching, and compatibility testing
- Infectious disease screening and nucleic acid testing
- Blood component processing and platelet apheresis
- Blood product storage, inventory, and distribution
- Organ procurement and preservation coordination
- Tissue banking and musculoskeletal allograft processing
- Cord blood collection and stem cell banking services
- Transfusion medicine consultation and support
- FDA compliance and AABB accreditation management
NAICS Classification Hierarchy
| Level | Description | Code |
|---|---|---|
| Sector | Health Care and Social Assistance | 62 |
| Subsector | Ambulatory Health Care Services | 621 |
| Industry Group | Other Ambulatory Health Care Services | 6219 |
| NAICS Industry | All Other Ambulatory Health Care Services | 62199 |
| National Industry | Blood and Organ Banks | 621991 |
Related NAICS Codes
| Code | Description | Relationship |
|---|---|---|
| 622110 | General Medical and Surgical Hospitals | General Medical and Surgical Hospitals consume the majority of blood products for surgical procedures, trauma care, and cancer treatment, with hospital blood bank departments managing transfusion inventory and compatibility testing for inpatient use |
| 621511 | Medical Laboratories | Medical Laboratories perform blood typing, crossmatching, and transfusion compatibility testing that overlaps with blood bank laboratory operations, with reference laboratory services supporting rare blood type identification and antibody resolution |
| 621493 | Freestanding Ambulatory Surgical and Emergency Centers | Freestanding Ambulatory Surgical Centers require blood product availability for surgical procedures, with ASC growth driving additional demand for typed and crossmatched blood components from community blood center suppliers |
| 339113 | Surgical Appliance and Supplies Manufacturing | Surgical and Medical Instrument Manufacturing produces blood collection equipment, apheresis machines, blood storage refrigerators, and laboratory testing instruments that represent primary capital expenditures for blood center operations |
| 541714 | Research and Development in Biotechnology (except Nanobiotechnology) | Research and Development in Biotechnology drives advancement in pathogen reduction technology, blood substitute research, and molecular screening methods that shape the future of blood banking and transfusion medicine practices |
| 621910 | Ambulance Services | Ambulance Services transport trauma patients who frequently require emergency blood transfusion, with some air ambulance programs carrying blood products on board and blood bank rapid-release protocols supporting emergency department resuscitation |
Geographic Concentration
Top states by share of national establishments.
| # | State | % Est. | Total Est. |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Florida | 11.4% | 233 |
| 2 | Texas | 10.7% | 219 |
| 3 | California | 8.2% | 168 |
| 4 | Illinois | 5.2% | 106 |
| 5 | Pennsylvania | 4.1% | 83 |
| 6 | Georgia | 3.5% | 71 |
| 7 | Ohio | 3.3% | 68 |
| 8 | North Carolina | 3.0% | 61 |
| 9 | Tennessee | 2.7% | 55 |
| 10 | Arizona | 2.5% | 52 |
% Of Establishments
0%
11%
Source: County Business Patterns, U.S. Census Bureau[3]
SBA Lending Summary
16
Total SBA Loans
$9.0M
Total Loan Volume
$563K
Average Loan Size
10 yrs
Average Loan Term
12.00%
Average Interest Rate
992
Jobs Supported
Source: SBA 7(a) Program Data, U.S. Small Business Administration — FY 2025[4]
Key Insight: Per the SBA Table of Size Standards[7], Blood and Organ Banks (NAICS 621991) has a size standard of $40 million in average annual receipts for federal contracting purposes. SBA lending programs[10] support facility acquisition, laboratory equipment investment, and collection infrastructure expansion for qualifying blood and organ bank operators. Eligible businesses can access SBA 7(a) loans[11] for working capital, equipment, and acquisition financing, while 504 loans[12] support major fixed-asset purchases including real estate and heavy machinery.
Top SBA Lenders
| # | Lender | Loans | Volume | Avg Loan |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Newtek Bank, National Association | 16 | $9.0M | $563K |
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this industry.
What is the NAICS code for blood banks?
NAICS 621991 covers blood and organ banks engaged in collecting, storing, and distributing blood products and body organs per the U.S. Census Bureau[5].
How large is the blood and organ bank industry?
Industry revenue reached $11.8 billion with 73,093 employees across 194 establishments per Census Bureau[6] economic survey data, with the American Red Cross collecting roughly 40 percent of the U.S. blood supply.
What is the SBA size standard for blood banks?
The SBA size standard[7] is $40 million in average annual receipts, determining eligibility for federal small business contracting programs and SBA lending products.
What FDA regulations apply to blood banks?
The FDA[8] regulates blood collection, testing, processing, and distribution under 21 CFR Parts 606, 610, and 640, with mandatory screening for HIV, hepatitis B and C, syphilis, and other transfusion-transmissible infections.
How long can blood products be stored?
Red blood cells can be stored for 42 days, platelets for 5 days, and frozen plasma for up to 7 years per FDA[8] blood product storage guidelines, with these shelf life limitations driving inventory management practices.
Who collects blood in the United States?
The American Red Cross collects roughly 40 percent of the U.S. supply through regional centers, with Vitalant, OneBlood, and New York Blood Center operating as additional major community blood center organizations per industry tracking data.
How is organ procurement managed nationally?
The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) manages the national organ transplant waiting list through a federal contract with the Health Resources and Services Administration per HRSA[13] program oversight guidelines.
What is pathogen reduction technology?
Pathogen reduction treats blood products to inactivate viruses, bacteria, and parasites before transfusion, with FDA[8] 2025 guidance addressing adoption of this technology alongside transition to non-DEHP blood storage materials as part of blood safety modernization.
Sources & References
Government datasets and editorial sources used in this report.
- [1]U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages bls.gov
- [2]U.S. Census Bureau, Economic Census census.gov
- [3]U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns census.gov
- [4]U.S. Small Business Administration, SBA 7(a) Loan Program Data data.sba.gov
- [5]U.S. Census Bureau census.gov
- [6]Census Bureau data.census.gov
- [7]SBA Table of Size Standards sba.gov
- [8]FDA fda.gov
- [9]Bureau of Labor Statistics bls.gov
- [10]SBA lending programs sba.gov
- [11]SBA 7(a) loans sba.gov
- [12]504 loans sba.gov
- [13]HRSA hrsa.gov
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