NAICS 313310 Quarterly Industry Report
Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills
Comprehensive industry research for valuation professionals, business owners, buyers, and lenders
NAICS Code: 313310Sector: 31Updated: Q1 2026
About This Report
This Fair Market Value industry report for NAICS 313310 provides business owners, acquirers, and financial advisors with data-driven valuation insights for the textile finishing sector, drawing on data from the U.S. Census Bureau[5] and SBA lending records. Additional data is drawn from Bureau of Labor Statistics[9].. The report aggregates transaction multiples, financial benchmarks, and market trends specific to NAICS 313310 establishments, supporting buy-sell agreements, succession planning, SBA-financed acquisitions, and litigation support engagements.
Industry Snapshot
Key metrics for the textile and fabric finishing mills industry.
Industry Definition & Overview
Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills (NAICS 313310) encompasses establishments primarily engaged in finishing textiles, fabrics, and apparel through processes including bleaching, dyeing, printing, stonewashing, mercerizing, preshrinking, and other mechanical and chemical finishing treatments. This industry also includes converters who purchase fabric in the greige state, arrange for finishing on contract, and sell the finished goods at wholesale. According to the U.S. Census Bureau[5], domestic finishing mills play a critical downstream role in the textile supply chain, adding value to fabrics produced by weaving, knitting, and nonwoven mills through color, pattern, and performance enhancement processes.
Domestic finishing mills serve as an essential link between fabric producers and end-use manufacturers, particularly for applications requiring precise color matching, rapid turnaround on seasonal colorways, and specialty treatments unavailable from offshore sources. The SBA Office of Advocacy[6] notes that small finishing operations maintain viability through specialized capabilities such as digital fabric printing, performance coatings, antimicrobial treatments, and custom color development services that command premium pricing.
Regulatory requirements are substantial because finishing processes involve significant chemical usage and water consumption. EPA[7] regulations govern wastewater discharge from dyeing and bleaching operations, air emissions from printing and heat-setting processes, and hazardous waste management for chemical treatment byproducts. OSHA[8] standards address worker exposure to dye chemicals, heat stress in finishing environments, and machine safety for calendering and printing equipment.
What's Included in This Industry
- Valuation multiples benchmarked to textile finishing and dyeing operations
- Revenue and EBITDA trends for commission and proprietary finishing mills
- SBA lending data and financing terms for NAICS 313310
- Comparable transaction data from recent textile finishing M&A activity
- Industry risk factors including environmental compliance costs and chemical handling
- Workforce composition and labor cost benchmarks for finishing operations
- Regional market analysis across domestic textile finishing centers
- Customer channel analysis covering apparel, home textile, and industrial fabric buyers
- Growth projections tied to digital printing and performance finishing trends
- Owner compensation and discretionary earnings benchmarks
NAICS Classification Hierarchy
| Level | Description | Code |
|---|---|---|
| Subsector | Textile Mills | 313 |
| Industry Group | Textile and Fabric Finishing and Fabric Coating Mills | 3133 |
| NAICS Industry | Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills | 31331 |
| National Industry | Textile and Fabric Finishing Mills | 313310 |
Related NAICS Codes
| Code | Description | Relationship |
|---|---|---|
| 313210 | Broadwoven Fabric Mills | Broadwoven fabric mills producing greige fabrics that require finishing services including dyeing, printing, and chemical treatment before sale to end users |
| 313240 | Knit Fabric Mills | Knit fabric mills producing greige knit fabrics that require commission dyeing and finishing services from specialized finishing operations |
| 313320 | Fabric Coating Mills | Fabric coating mills performing complementary downstream processing by applying coatings and laminates to finished or semi-finished textile fabrics |
| 313110 | Fiber, Yarn, and Thread Mills | Yarn and thread mills whose products undergo dyeing and finishing treatments at commission finishing mills before use in downstream manufacturing |
| 313230 | Nonwoven Fabric Mills | Nonwoven fabric mills whose products sometimes require printing, dyeing, or chemical finishing treatments at specialized finishing operations |
| 325520 | Adhesive Manufacturing | Adhesive manufacturing establishments supplying finishing chemicals, binding agents, and treatment compounds used in textile finishing processes |
Geographic Concentration
Top states by share of national establishments.
| # | State | % Est. | Total Est. |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | California | 19.9% | 117 |
| 2 | North Carolina | 12.6% | 74 |
| 3 | New York | 8.2% | 48 |
| 4 | Texas | 7.0% | 41 |
| 5 | Georgia | 5.3% | 31 |
| 6 | South Carolina | 5.3% | 31 |
| 7 | Florida | 4.6% | 27 |
| 8 | New Jersey | 4.1% | 24 |
| 9 | Pennsylvania | 3.9% | 23 |
| 10 | Illinois | 2.4% | 14 |
% Of Establishments
0%
20%
Source: County Business Patterns, U.S. Census Bureau[3]
SBA Lending Summary
72
Total SBA Loans
$15.7M
Total Loan Volume
$218K
Average Loan Size
10 yrs
Average Loan Term
11.31%
Average Interest Rate
360
Jobs Supported
Source: SBA 7(a) Program Data, U.S. Small Business Administration — FY 2025[4]
Key Insight: Textile finishing mills seeking SBA financing typically qualify under the SBA size standards[10] for NAICS 313310, which set the threshold at 500 employees for small business classification. The SBA 7(a) loan program[11] provides up to $5 million for business acquisitions, dyeing and printing equipment upgrades, and working capital. Several CDC/504 loan program[12] offers long-term fixed-rate financing for wastewater treatment system installations, digital printing equipment, and facility improvements. Lenders evaluate environmental compliance history, wastewater permit status, and customer contract diversity when underwriting finishing mill transactions.
Top SBA Lenders
| # | Lender | Loans | Volume | Avg Loan |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bank of America, National Association | 8 | $4.0M | $500K |
| 2 | Cadence Bank | 8 | $2.6M | $330K |
| 3 | Newtek Bank, National Association | 16 | $2.4M | $150K |
| 4 | First Bank & Trust | 8 | $2.2M | $275K |
| 5 | Bank of Hope | 8 | $2.0M | $250K |
Frequently Asked Questions
Common questions about this industry.
What is the typical valuation multiple for a textile finishing mill?
Textile finishing mills typically trade at 3x to 6x EBITDA, with mills offering digital printing, performance finishing, and proprietary chemical treatments commanding premium multiples. Commission-only finishers with high customer concentration generally trade at lower multiples. Per U.S. Census Bureau[5] data, the sector's environmental compliance infrastructure represents both a barrier to entry and a significant factor in asset-based valuations.
What SBA loan options are available for acquiring a textile finishing mill?
The SBA 7(a) loan program[11] provides up to $5 million for acquisitions and working capital, while the CDC/504 program[12] finances major equipment and wastewater treatment installations. Environmental due diligence including Phase I assessments is standard for finishing mill transactions given the chemical handling and wastewater management involved.
What are the main revenue drivers for textile finishing mills?
Revenue depends on the mix between commission finishing and proprietary fabric sales, customer diversification, and the range of finishing capabilities offered. Mills with digital printing, sustainable dyeing technologies, and performance finishing capabilities generate higher margins than commodity dyeing and bleaching operations.
What regulatory requirements affect NAICS 313310 businesses?
Finishing mills must comply with EPA[7] regulations for wastewater discharge permits, air emission standards, and hazardous waste management. Per OSHA[8] standards, worker protection requirements address chemical exposure in dyeing areas, heat stress from finishing equipment, and machine guarding for printing and calendering operations. Water usage restrictions in certain jurisdictions add additional operational constraints.
How do environmental compliance costs affect finishing mill operations?
Wastewater treatment represents the single largest environmental expense, with systems costing $500,000 to $5 million depending on capacity and discharge requirements. Air emission controls, chemical storage compliance, and waste disposal add further costs. Per SBA[13] lending data, environmental infrastructure represents material asset value in finishing mill transactions but also creates ongoing operating expense that affects profitability.
What equipment is needed for a textile finishing mill?
Core equipment includes dyeing machines (jet, beam, or beck types), printing equipment (rotary screen or digital inkjet), bleaching ranges, heat-setting frames (stenters), calendering machines, and wastewater treatment systems. A mid-size finishing operation requires $2 million to $10 million in equipment investment. Per Bureau of Labor Statistics[14] data, finishing mills are among the most capital-intensive operations in the textile sector.
What growth opportunities exist for textile finishing mills?
Growth areas include digital fabric printing enabling mass customization, sustainable dyeing technologies reducing water and chemical usage, performance finishing for activewear and protective apparel, and antimicrobial treatments for healthcare and hospitality textiles. The U.S. Census Bureau[5] tracks increasing demand for specialty finishing services as domestic brands seek differentiated fabric performance.
What workforce challenges do textile finishing mills face?
Key challenges include recruiting color technicians and dye house operators, training staff for digital printing systems, and maintaining qualified wastewater treatment plant operators. Per Bureau of Labor Statistics[14] data, textile finishing employment requires specialized chemical handling knowledge and environmental compliance training that limits the available labor pool.
Sources & References
Government datasets and editorial sources used in this report.
- [1]U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages bls.gov
- [2]U.S. Census Bureau, Economic Census census.gov
- [3]U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns census.gov
- [4]U.S. Small Business Administration, SBA 7(a) Loan Program Data data.sba.gov
- [5]U.S. Census Bureau census.gov
- [6]SBA Office of Advocacy advocacy.sba.gov
- [7]EPA epa.gov
- [8]OSHA osha.gov
- [9]Bureau of Labor Statistics bls.gov
- [10]SBA size standards sba.gov
- [11]SBA 7(a) loan program sba.gov
- [12]CDC/504 loan program sba.gov
- [13]SBA sba.gov
- [14]Bureau of Labor Statistics bls.gov
Disclaimer
This publication has been prepared by Fair Market Value (“Fair Market Value”) for informational purposes only. It is provided on an “as-is” and “as available” basis. Fair Market Value makes no representations or warranties, express or implied, regarding the merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, completeness, or accuracy of the data or information contained herein. This publication is not intended to be, and should not be construed as, professional financial, legal, tax, or investment advice. Users should consult with qualified professionals before making any financial or business decisions based on the information presented.
To the extent permitted by law, Fair Market Value disclaims all liability for loss or damage, direct and indirect, suffered or incurred by any person resulting from the use of, or reliance upon, the data in this publication.
Copyright © 2026 Fair Market Value. All rights reserved. All data, information, articles, graphs, and content contained in this publication are copyrighted works and Fair Market Value hereby reserves all rights. No part of this publication may be copied, reproduced, republished, uploaded to a third party, or distributed without the prior written permission of Fair Market Value.